During the American Revolution, the Cherokee sided with the British who had protected their territory. In 1781, Andrew Pickens led a successful three week campaign against the Cherokee. In September 1782, he and Elijah Clarke succeeded in forcing the Indians to surrender claim to all lands south of the Savannah River and east of the Chattahoochee River in the Treaty of Long Swamp, signed in what is now Pickens County. This was the first Treaty between the United States and the Native Americans.